Geoffrey Hinton is a key figure in artificial intelligence and deep learning. He helped develop the backpropagation algorithm, which is essential for teaching computers to learn. Hinton also worked on Restricted Boltzmann Machines and deep belief networks, which improved how computers learn patterns. His team created AlexNet, a computer model that became famous in 2012 for making big advances in recognizing images. These contributions have made Hinton a leader in the field of AI.